Depression—also known as Major Depressive Disorder—is often described as a “chemical imbalance.” While that idea is helpful, it only tells part of the story.
As a psychiatrist, my goal is to help patients understand that depression is a complex brain condition—and most importantly, a treatable one.
Your brain uses neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers that help nerve cells communicate. Two key ones involved in depression are:
When these systems are disrupted, symptoms like low mood, fatigue, and poor concentration can occur.
But depression goes beyond neurotransmitters.
Research shows reduced activity in multiple areas including the prefrontal cortex, the part of the brain responsible for motivation and emotional regulation. This is why depression can make even simple tasks feel overwhelming.
Chronic stress plays a major role. Over time, stress can lead to inflammation in the brain, worsening depressive symptoms.
Other contributing factors include:
Depression is usually the result of multiple factors working together, not just one cause.
The good news is that the brain is capable of change.
Treatments work by improving brain function and increasing a key protein called BDNF, a growth factor for neurons which are the brain cells. These proteins help the brain form stronger, healthier connections.
Helpful approaches include:
Even positive life experiences can help reshape brain pathways over time.
The earlier depression is treated, the better the outcome. Left untreated, it can become more difficult to manage.
If you are struggling, know this:
Depression is not your fault—and it is highly treatable.
If this resonates with you, I encourage you to reach out.
Visit drmariegsurpris.com to learn more or schedule an appointment.
You don’t have to manage depression alone—and with the right care, you can feel like yourself again.
